Works Cited Format Page

Complete Document

MLA.pdf

Alphabetize your Works Cited page by the first letter of each entry.

Works Cited Page in MLA

Books and Pamphlets

1. A book by a single author Top

Author’s name. Title of book. City of Publishing: Publisher, Year.

Findley, Timothy. The Wars. Toronto: Penguin, 1996.

2. Two or more books by the same author Top

Findley, Timothy. The Piano Man’s Daughter. Toronto: Penguin, 1998.

---. The Wars. Toronto: Penguin, 1996.

3. A book by two or more authors Top

Dawe, Robert, Duncan, Barry, and Mathieu, Wendy. Resourcelines 9/10. Scarborough:
      Prentice Hall, 1999.

Oldsey, Bernard S., and Stanley Weintraub. The Art of William Golding. London:
      Indiana UP, 1965.

Note: If there are more than three authors, you may name only the first and add “et al.” (“and others”)

Gilman, Sander, et al. Hysteria Beyond Freud. Berkley: U of California P, 1993.

The same rule applies as in #2 for more than one book written by the same authors.

4. A book by a corporate author Top

A corporate author may be a commission, a non-governmental organization, etc...

American Medical Association. The American Medical Association Encyclopedia of
      Medicine. Ed. Charles B. Clayman. New York: Random, 1989.

National Research Council. Beyond Six Billion: Forecasting the World’s Population.
      Washington: Natl. Acad., 2000.

5. A work in an anthology Top

If you are citing an essay, a short story, a poem, or another work that appears within an anthology or some other book collection you need to include the following information:
Author. “title of article.” translator (trans.). title of the anthology. editor (ed or eds.). city of publishing: publisher, year. page numbers of the citied piece.

Allende, Isabel. “Toad’s Mouth.” Trans. Margaret Sayers Peden. A Hammock Beneath
      the Mangoes: Stories from Latin America. Ed. Thomas Colchie. New York: Plume,
      1992. 83-88.

More, Thomas. “Utopia.” The Oxford Anthology of English Literature. Eds. John
      Hollander and Frank Kermode. Toronto: Oxford UP, 1973. 54-70.

(Note: “Eds.” with an ‘s’ is used because there is more than one editor.)

6. An article in a reference book Top

With very common reference books you do not need to cite the editor of the work. However, if the article has an author, give the author credit.

“Mandarin.” The Encyclopedia Americana. 56th ed. 2002.

(Note: ‘56th ed.’ refers to the edition.)

Mohanty, Jitendra M. “Indian Philosophy.” The New Encyclopedia Britannica:
      Macropaedia. 15th ed. 1987.

If you are citing a specific definition in a dictionary, among several, add the abbreviation ‘Def.’ and the appropriate designation.

“Noon.” Def. 4b. The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989.

When citing less common reference books, give full publication information.

Allen, Anita L. “Privacy in Health Care.” Encyclopedia of Bioethics. Ed. Warren T.
      Reich. Rev. ed. 5 vols. New York: Macmillan-Simon, 1995.

7. An introduction, a preface, a foreword, or an afterword. Top

Cohen, Marjorie Griffin. Preface. Canadian Women’s Issues: Strong Voices. Eds. Ruth
      Roach Pierson and Paula Bourne. Toronto: Lorimer, 1993.

8. An Anonymous Book Top

The Holy Bible: New International Version. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.

9. A Translation Top

Beowulf. Trans. E. Talbot Donaldson. Ed. Nicholas Howe. New York: Norton, 2001.

Esquivel, Laura. Like Water for Chocolate: A Novel in Monthly Installments, with
      Recipes, Romances, and Home Remedies. Trans. Carol Christensen and Thomas
      Christensen. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

10. A book published in a second or subsequent edition Top

Bondanella, Peter. Italian Cinema: From Neorealism to the Present. 3rd ed. New York:
      Continuum, 2001.

Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Works of Geoffrey Chaucer. Ed. F.N. Robinson. 2nd ed.
      Boston: Houghton, 1957.

11. A Multivolume Work Top

If you are using two or more volumes of a multivolume work, cite the total number of volumes in the work.

Doyle, Arthur Conan. The Oxford Sherlock Holmes. Ed. Owen Dudley Edwards. 9 vols.
      New York: Oxford UP, 1993.

12. A Pamphlet Top

Renoir Lithographs. New York: Dover, 1994.

13. A Government Publication Top

United Nations. Consequences of Rapid Population Growth in Developing Countries.
      New York: Taylor, 1991.

Journals, Newspapers, etc...

1. A Scholarly Journal Top

Hanks, Patrick. “Do Word Meanings Exist?” Computers and the Humanities 34
      (2000):205-15.

White, Sabina, and Andrew Winzelberg. “Laughter and Stress.” Humor 5 (1992):
      343-55.

2. An Article in a Newspaper Top

Alaton, Salem. “So, Did They Live Happily Ever After?” Globe and Mail [Toronto] 27
       Dec. 1997: D1.

Hennenberger, Melinda. “The Leonardo Cover-up.” New York Times 21 Apr. 2002,
       late ed., sec. 6:42.

3. An Article in a Magazine Top

Mehta, Pratap Bhanu. “Exploding Myths.” New Republic 6 June 1998: 17-19.

Weintraub, Arlene, and Laura Cohen. “A Thousand-Year Plan for Nuclear Waste.”
       Business Week 6 May 2002: 94-96.

4. A Review Top

Kauffmann, Stanley. “Toward the Shadows.” Rev. of Isis, dir. Richard Eyre. New
       Republic 11 Feb. 2002: 26-27.

Note: In the above example, Kauffman is the reviewer. “Toward the Shadows” is the title of his review. The movie being reviewed is Isis.

Updike, John. “No Brakes.” Rev. of Sinclair Lewis: Rebel from Main Street, by Richard
      Lingeman. New Yorker 4 Feb.2002: 77-80.

5. An Editiorial Top

“Death of a Writer.” Editorial. New York Times 20 Apr. 1994, late ed.: A18.

Gergen, David. “A Question of Values.” Editorial. US News and World Report 11 Feb.
      2002: 72.

6. A Letter to the Editor Top

Mehlman, Jeffrey. Letter. Partisan Review 69(2002): 320.

Safer, Morley. Letter. New York Times 31 Oct. 1993, late ed., sec. 2: 4.

7. An Anonymous Article Top

“Dubious Venture.” Time 3 Jan. 1994: 64-65.

Electronic Sources

1. An Internet Site Top

Bartleby.com: Great Books Online. Ed. Steven van Leeuwen. 2002. 5 May 2002
      <http:www.bartleby.com/>.

Bartleby.com: Great Books Online. = Title of the site
Ed. Steven van Leeuwen. = Editor (if available)
2002. = version (if applicable)
5 May 2002 = date of access
<http:www.bartleby.com/>. = URL

CNN.com. 2002. Cable News Network. 15 May 2002 <http:www.cnn.com/>.

2. An Online Book Top

Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Henry Churchyard. Jane Austen Information
       Page. 6 Sept. 2002 <http://www.pemberly.com/janeinfo/pridprej.html>.

3. An Article in an Online Periodical, Newspaper or Magazine. Top

To cite these sources, use the basic format for print sources but add website title, date accessed and URL

Chan, Evans. “Postmodernism and Hong Kong Cinema.” Postmodern Culture 10.3
      (2000). Project Muse. 20 May 2002 <http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/pmc/v010/
      10.3chan.html>.

Chan, Evans. = author
“Postmodernism and Hong Kong Cinema.” = title of article
Postmodern Culture 10.3 (2000). = journal name and pub. info
Project Muse. = website
20 May 2002 = date accessed
<http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/pmc/v010?10.3chan.html>. = URL
Use a similar format for online magazines and newspapers.

4. An Email Top

Boyle, Anthony T. “Re: Utopia.” Email to Daniel J. Cahill. 21 June 1997.

5. An Online Posting Top

Chu, Michael. “Bellini Style.” Online Posting. 20 May 2002. Opera-L. 21 May 2002
       <http://lists.cuny.edu/archives/opera-l.html>.

Miscellaneous

1. A Television or Radio Programme Top

“Frederick Douglass.” Civil War Journal. Narr. Danny Glover. Dir. Craig Haffner. Arts
      and Entertainment Network. 6 Apr. 1993.

“Frederick Douglass.” = The name of the episode or segment (necessary)
Civil War Journal. = The name of the programme (necessary)
Narr. Danny Glover. = Narrator (if available)
Dir. Craig Haffner. = Director (if available)
Arts and Entertainment Network. = Network or Station (necessary)
6 Apr. 1993. = Date aired. (necessary)

2. A Sound Recording Top

Whole Record

Holiday, Billie. The Essence of Billie Holiday. Columbia, 1991.

Specific Song

Holiday, Billie. “God Bless the Child.” Rec. 9 May 1941. The Essence of Billie Holiday.
      Columbia, 1991.

Spoken Word Recording

Shakespeare, William. Othello. Dir. John Dexter. Perf. Laurence Olivier, Maggie Smith,
      Frank Finley, and Derek Jacobi. LP. RCA Victor, 1964.

3. A Film or Video Recording Top

It’s a Wonderful Life. Dir. Frank Capra. Perf. James Stewart, Donna Reed, Lionel
      Barrymore, and Thomas Mitchell. RKO, 1946.

Like Water for Chocolate [Como agua para chocolate]. Screenplay by Laura Esquivel.
      Dir. Alfonso Arau. Pref. Lumi Cavazos, Marco Lombardi, and Regina Torne.
      Miramax, 1993.

Note: Listing performers and writers is optional. You must have the title, the director, the distributor and the year of release.

If you are primarily discussing the contribution of a specific individual to the film, you can begin with that person’s name.

Chaplin, Charles, dir. Modern Times. Perf. Chaplin and Paulette Goddard. United
      Artists, 1936.

Mifune, Toshiro, perf. Rashomon. Dir. Akira Kurosawa. Daiei, 1950.

4. A Live Performance Top

Hamlet. By. William Shakespeare. Dir. John Gielgud. Perf. Richard Burton. Shubert
       Theatre, Boston. 4 Mar. 1964.

If you are primarily discussing the contribution of a specific individual to the performance, you can begin with that person’s name.

5. A Musical Composition Top

Beethoven, Ludwig van. Symphony no. 7 in A, op. 92.

Berlioz, Hector. Symphonie fantastique, op. 14.

More Specific Citation for a published score:

Beethoven, Ludwig van. Symphony No. 7 in A, Op. 92. 1812. New York: Dover,
      1998.

6. A Painting, Sculpture, or Photograph Top

Basic Citation

Rembrandt van Rijn. Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer. Metropolitan Museum
     of Art, New York.

If you use a photograph of a painting, sculpture or photograph:

Cassat, Mary. Mother and Child. Wichita Art Museum. American Painting: 1560-1913.
      By John Pierce. New York: McGraw, 1964. Slide 22.

7. An Interview Top

Breslin, Jimmy. Interview with Neal Conan. Talk of the Nation. Natl. Public Radio.
      WBUR, Boston. 26 Mar. 2002.

An interview that you conduct

Rowling, J.K. Telephone Interview. 10 Dec. 2002.

8. A Map or Chart Top

Japanese Fundamentals. Chart. Hauppauge: Baron, 1992.

Michigan. Map. Chicago: Rand, 2000.

9. A Cartoon or Comic Strip Top

Chast, Roz. Cartoon. New Yorker 4 Feb. 2002: 53.

Trudeau, Gary. “Doonesbury.” Comic Strip. Star-Ledger [Newark] 4 May 2002: 26.

10. An Advertisement Top

Air Canada. Advertisement. CNN 15 May 1998.

The Fitness Fragrance by Ralph Lauren. Advertisement. GQ Apr. 1997: 111-12.

11. A Lecture, a Speech, an Address or a Reading Top

Atwood, Margaret. “Silencing the Scream.” Boundaries of the Imagination Forum. MLA
      Convention. Royal York Hotel, Toronto. 29 Dec. 1993.

Hyman, Earle. Reading of Shakespeare’s Othello. Symphony Space, New York. 28
      Mar. 1994.

12. A Letter or Memo Top

Woolf Virginia. “To T.S. Eliot.” 28 July 1920. Letter 1138 of The Letters of Virginia
       Woolf. Ed. Nigel Nicolson and Joanne Trautmann. Vol. 2. New York: Harcourt, 1976. 437-38.

A letter that you received

Monica Simpson. Letter to Amber Daniels. 17 Mar. 2002.